Germany is a federal republic in Central Europe known for its diverse landscapes, spanning from the Baltic Sea and North Sea in the north to the Alps in the south, including the North German Plain and the forested Central German Uplands. As the most populous EU member and a leading global economy, it boasts a rich history, a vibrant arts and culture scene, and a commitment to innovation and renewable energy. Its modern history includes reunification in 1990 after a period of division during the Cold War.